Table 2 Basic characteristics of included randomized controlled trials
Author year | Sample size (T/C) | Age yr (T/C) | Sex (F/M) | Information of blinding | Types of surgery | Intervention Group | Control Group | Acupoints | Intervention time | Electrical frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lv et al. 2022 | 103(52/51) | 37. 17 ± 10. 59 34. 63 ± 9.03 | 52/0 51/0 | yes | laparoscopic non-gastrointestinal surgery | TEAS | sham TEAS | PC6, ST36 | 15 min after the end of anesthesia,from 7 am to 12 am on the first day after surgery | 2/100 HZ |
Jin et al. 2020 | 61(30/31) | 48.20 ± 6.90 50.90 ± 7.10 | 30/0 31/0 | No described | radical mastectomy | TEAS | sham TEAS | LI4, PC6, ST36, SP6 | 30 min before the induction of anesthesia,until the end of anesthesia | 2/100 HZ |
Mi et al. 2018 | 100(50/50) | 44 ± 6 45 ± 8 | 22/28 24/26 | No described | laparoscopic cholecystectomy | TEAS | sham TEAS | LI4, PC6, ST36 and the non-acupoint 2 cun outboard from ST36 | 30 min before the induction of anesthesia,until the end of anesthesia | 2/100 HZ |
Pan et al. 2023 | 105(52/53) | 42.2 ± 5.5 43.2 ± 6.3 | 52/0 53/0 | No described | laparoscopic myomectomy | TEAS | No TEAS | LI4, PC6, ST36, SP6 | for 30 min before the operation and lasting until the end of anesthesia | 2/100 HZ |
Gao et al. 2022 | 1655 (827/828) | 39.0(31.0,46.0) 39.0(31.0,46.0) | 803/24 803/25 | yes | laparoscopic non-gastrointestinal surgery | TEAS | sham TEAS | PC6 and ST36 | in the PACU when recovered from anesthesia on the same surgical day and on the next morning of surgical ward for 30 min | 2/10 Hz |
Liang et al. 2021 | 70(35/35) | 70.8 ± 6.5 60.9 ± 6.1 | 0/35 0/35 | yes | TURP | TEAS | sham TEAS | CV7, CV6, CV5, CV4, CV3, BL32, BL33, BL34 | for 30 min | 2/100 HZ |
Yu et al. 2020 | 60(30/30) | 45.9 ± 17.5 48.5 ± 16.2 | 30/0 30/0 | yes | gynecological laparoscopic surgery | TEAS | sham TEAS | GV20, EX-HN3, ST36, PC6 | for 30 min before anesthesia | 2/100 Hz |
Bai et al. 2018 | 75(37/38) | 66.0 ± 3.0 65.1 ± 3.4 | 19/18 22/16 | yes | supratentorial craniotomy | TEAS | sham TEAS | LI4, PC6, LU7, LU5, LI18, ST9 | 30 min before the induction of anesthesia,until 5 min before the end of anesthesia | 2/10 Hz |
Chen et al. 2015 | 83(41/42) | 37.5 ± 8.5 40.2 ± 7.8 | 41/0 42/0 | yes | thyroidectomy | TEAS | sham TEAS | LI4, PC6 | 30 min before the induction of anesthesia | 2/10 Hz |
Yao et al. 2015 | 71(35/36) | 34.2 ± 7.2 35.6 ± 8.7 | 35/0 36/0 | yes | gynecological laparoscopic surgery | TEAS | sham TEAS | LI4, PC6, ST36, SP6 | 30 min before the induction of anesthesia | 2/10 Hz |