Table 3 Studies devoted to determining the critical level of DO₂ in anemia

J.A. Liebermanet et al. [66]

Healthy volunteers aged 19–25; acute normovolemic hemodilution, hemoglobin reduced from 12.5 ± 0.8 to 4.8 ± 0.2 g/dl

Identification of the critical level of oxygen delivery: DO₂crit = 7,3 ml/min/kg

J.M. Leung et al. [67]

55 healthy volunteers; acute normovolemic hemodilution, hemoglobin level 5 g/dl

Assessment of myocardial oxygen delivery and consumption imbalance based on ST-segment changes: three volunteers had ST-segment changes on the background of tachycardia, without clinical symptoms and completely reversible.

D.R. Spahn et al. [68]

20 patients over 65 years without concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system, acute normovolemic hemodilution, hemoglobin level 88 ± 3 g/l

Assessment of CI, O₂ER, ST segment changes: the decrease in hemoglobin was compensated by the increase in CI and O2ER, there were no changes in the ST segment in lead II, and a slight decrease in the ST segment was noted in lead V5. There were no electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischemia.

D.R.Spahn et al. [69]

60 patients with coronary artery disease who took long-term beta-blockers and underwent coronary artery bypass grafting

The decrease in hemoglobin to 99 ± 2 g/l was compensated by an increase in CI and O2ER; there were no electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischemia.