Feasibility and accuracy of noninvasive continuous hemoglobin monitoring using transesophageal photoplethysmography in porcine model

Table 1 Values of dPPG metrics and hemodynamic parameters during the measurement

Parameters	Mean	SD	Minimum	Maximum
AC_red (v)	0.19	0.15	0.01	0.75
DC_red (v)	6.90	5.24	0.27	17.71
AC_red/DC_red (%)	3.13	1.35	1.13	6.72
AC_inf (v)	0.11	0.13	0.01	0.71
DC_inf (v)	3.13	3.03	0.01	0.83
AC_inf/DC_inf (%)	3.73	1.45	0.95	7.07
Hb_i−STAT (g/L)	83.78	16.55	51	143
CO (L/min)	3.87	1.02	1.84	6.79
SBP (mmHg)	119.68	25.77	68	174
DBP (mmHg)	69.73	20.14	34	119
MAP (mmHg)	95.49	27.14	45	165
HR (bpm)	94.77	19.17	56	159
SpO₂ (%)	99.82	0.47	98	100

Abbreviations: dPPG, descending aortic photoplethysmography; AC_red, alternating current of red light; DC_red, direct current of red light; AC_inf, alternating current of infrared light; DC_inf, direct current of infrared light; v, voltage; Hb_i−STAT, hemoglobin measured by i-STAT device; CO, cardiac output; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; SpO₂, pulse oxygen saturation

ISSN: 1471-2253