Table 1 The basic characteristics of the enrolled studies
Author | Country | Age Cases/controls | Number Cases/controls | Surgical type | Administration Cases/controls |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kaneko (1999) | Japan | 72.4/73.1 | 38/40 | Gastrointestinal Surgery | 5 mg daily for 5 days after surgery/ Saline |
Kalisvaart (2005) | Netherlands | 82.6/82.2 | 212/218 | Hip-surgery | 1.5 mg daily for 3 days after surgery/ Saline |
Wang (2012) | China | 74.0/74.7 | 229/228 | Intra-abdominal Intra-thoracic Superficial Spinal and extremital | 0.5 mg followed by continuous infusion of 0.1 mg hourly for 12 h/ Saline |
Fukata (2014) | Japan | 80.5/80.2 | 59/60 | Abdominal and orthopedic surgery | 2.5 mg daily for 3 days after surgery/ NA |
Fukata (2016) | Japan | 82.0/81.3 | 101/100 | Abdominal and orthopedic surgery | 5 mg daily for 3 days after surgery/ NA |
Khban (2018) | America | 60.0/62.3 | 68/67 | Thoracic surgery | 1.5 mg daily for 4 days after surgery/ Saline |
Shao (2019) | China | 70.6/71.3 | 30/30 | Hip replacement surgery | PCIA:sufentanil 2μg•kg-1 + flurbiprofen 3 mg•kg-1 + haloperidol 5 mg/ PCIA:sufentanil 2μg•kg-1+ flurbiprofen 3 mg•kg-1 |
Hollinger (2021) | Switzerland | 73.4/73.8 | 45/44 | visceral, orthopaedic, vascular, gynaecological, cardiac, or thoracic surgery | 5μg•kg-1 before the induction of anaesthesia/ Saline |