The value of pupillary diameter in evaluating pain perception after awakening in patients undergoing general anesthesia during orthopedic surgery

Table 1 Demographic data of two groups

Item	Painless group (n = 91)	Pain group (n = 70)	P
Age (years old)	48.78 ± 13.38	44.69 ± 14.58	0.066
Gender (n, male/female)	40/51	43/37	0.201
BMI (kg/m²)	25.02 ± 3.54	25.53 ± 3.57	0.373
ASA (n, I/II/III)	35/51/5	28/39/3	0.932
VRS before surgery (n, 0/1/2)	31/57/3	18/47/5	0.331
Type of surgery (n, knee/hip/osteotomy)	33/26/32	20/24/26	0.557
Operation time (min)	110.93 ± 21.61	119.57 ± 39.62	0.103
Sufentanil (g)	23.68 ± 6.69	25.39 ± 6.67	0.109
Remifentanil (mg)	1.03 ± 0.39	1.16 ± 0.55	0.071
Propofol (mg)	278.57 ± 112.04	328.14 ± 111.52	0.105
Sevoflurane (ml)	23.25 ± 9.57	25.87 ± 10.99	0.109

BMI: body mass index, ASA American Society of anesthesiologists physical status, VRS: verbal rating scale

ISSN: 1471-2253