Table 1 Characteristics of the participants (n = 272)

Age (years)

68 [62–73]

Sex (male), n (%)

209 (77%)

Body weight (kg)

57.7 [50.1–66.2]

BMI (kg/m²)

21.6 [19.6–24.1]

ASA, n (%)

 1

9 (3%)

 2

234 (86%)

 3

29 (11%)

Hypertension, n (%)

149 (55%)

Diabetes, n (%)

41 (15%)

COPD, n (%)

8 (2.9%)

CKD, n (%)

8 (2.9%)

Radiation therapy, n (%)

25 (9.2%)

Anti-angiogenic therapy, n (%)

0 (0%)

Serum total protein (g/dL)

6.6 [6.2–6.9]

Serum albumin (g/dL)

3.9 [3.6–4.1]

Blood lymphocytes (/µL)

1570 [1175–1955]