Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Author | Surgery | Number | Remifentanil dose in the test groups | Anaesthesia maintenance | Postoperative analgesia | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Guignard2000 [15] | colorectal surgery | 24/25 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs 0.1 μg/kg/min | Desflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
Cortinez2001 [16] | gynaecological surgery | 30/30 | 0.25 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Sevoflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①⑦⑨ |
Sahin2004 [24] | lumbar discectomy | 16/14 | 0.1 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Desflurane | PCIA: morphine | ⑦ |
Joly2005 [17] | colorectal surgery | 25/25 | 0.4 μg/kg/min vs 0.05 μg/kg/min | Desflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①③⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
Hansen2005 [23] | abdominal surgery | 21/18 | 0.4 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Sevoflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①②⑦ |
Ryu2007 [30] | subtotal gastrectomy | 30/30 | 1 ng/ml vs placebo | Sevoflurane | Not specified | â‘ |
Lahtinen2008 [18] | coronary bypass surgery | 45/45 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Isoflurane + propofol | PCIA: oxycodone | ①②⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
Cho2008 [5] | gynaecological surgery | 20/20 | 3 ng/ml vs 1 ng/ml | Sevoflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①⑦⑧ |
Cho2008 [5] | gynaecological surgery | 20/20 | 3 ng/ml vs placebo | Sevoflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①⑦⑧ |
Agata2010 [29] | orthognathic surgery | 15/15 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs 0.15 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane | PCIA: fentanyl | ①⑦⑨⑩ |
Terao2010 [21] | wrist arthrodesis | 13/13 | 0.8 μg/kg/min vs 0.1 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane | PCIA: fentanyl | ①⑦ |
Shin2010 [19] | breast cancer surgery | 88/98 | 4 ng/ml vs 1 ng/ml | Sevoflurane +propofol | PCIA: morphine | ①⑦⑧⑨⑩ |
Lee2011(1) [27] | tonsillectomy | 30/30 | 0.1 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Sevoflurane | i.v. pethidine/ketorolac | ①⑤⑦ |
Lee2011(2) [26] | laparoscopic prostatectomy | 25/25 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Desflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①⑦⑨⑩ |
Richebe2011 [20] | coronary artery surgery | 19/19 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs 7 ng/ml | Propofol | PCIA i.v. morphine | ①②③⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
Song2011[6] | thyroidectomy | 28/28 | 0.2 μg/kg/min vs 0.05 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane | i.v. fentanyl | ①③④⑥⑧⑨⑩ |
Yeom2012 [25] | spinal fusion | 20/20 | 0.03 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Sevoflurane | PCIA: fentanyl | ①⑦⑨ |
Lee2013(1) [22] | laparoscopic hysterectomy | 29/28 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs 0.05 μg/kg/min | Desflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①③⑤⑦⑧⑨⑩ |
Lee2013(2) [28] | laparoscopic urologic surgery | 29/30 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs 0.05 μg/kg/min | Desflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①③⑤⑦⑨ |
Kim2014 [35] | local breast excision | 63/63 | 10 ng/ml vs 5 ng/ml | Propofol | i.v. ketorolac | ①⑨ |
Treskatsch2014 [39] | lower abdominal surgery | 17/15 | 0.2 μg/kg/min vs 0.1 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane | PCIA: morphine | ⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
Zhang2014 [41] | thyroidectomy | 28/29 | 1.2 μg/kg/min vs 0.2 μg/kg/min | Propofol | i.v. morphine | ①④⑥⑦⑧⑨ |
Florkiewicz2015 [32] | cardiac surgery | 47/43 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs 0.1 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane +propofol | PCIA: oxycodone | ①②⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
Polat2015 [37] | nasal surgery | 30/30 | 0.05 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Desflurane | i.v. fentanyl | ①⑧ |
Koo2016 [8] | pancreaticoduodenectomy | 26/27 | 4 ng/ml vs 1 ng/ml | Sevoflurane | PCIA: morphine | ①②⑦⑨ |
Yamashita2016 [40] | gynaecological surgery | 14/12 | 0.25 μg/kg/min vs 0.1 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane | PCIA. fentanyl | ⑤⑦⑧⑨ |
Koo2017 [7] | thyroid surgery | 31/30 | 4 ng/ml vs 1 ng/ml | Desflurane | i.v. ketorolac | ①③④⑥⑧⑨⑩ |
Kim2018 [34] | gastrectomy | 39/40 | 12 ng/ml vs 2 ng/ml | Sevoflurane | PCIA: fentanyl | ①②⑦⑧⑨ |
Kim2018 [34] | gastrectomy | 39/38 | 12 ng/ml vs placebo | Sevoflurane | PCIA: fentanyl | ①②⑦⑧⑨ |
Park2018 [36] | lower extremity surgery | 46/46 | 0.25 μg/kg/min vs 0.05 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane | i.v. pethidine, et al | ①⑥⑦⑨⑩ |
Chang2019 [31] | tracheostomy | 49/48 | 0.1 μg/kg/min vs placebo | Propofol | Not specified | ①⑨ |
Khidr2020 [33] | cardiac surgery | 23/25 | 3 ng/ml vs 1 ng/ml | Sevoflurane +propofol | PCIA: morphine | ⑦⑧ |
Su2020 [38] | laparoscopic cholecystectomy | 60/60 | 0.3 μg/kg/min vs 0.1 μg/kg/min | Sevoflurane | PCIA: sufentanil | ①⑤⑦⑧⑨⑩ |