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Table 2 Univariate and multivariable analyses for postoperative nausea and vomiting

From: Antiemetic prophylaxis with droperidol in morphine-based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia: a propensity score matched cohort study

 

Univariate

cOR (95% CI)

p

Multivariable

aOR (95% CI)

p

Droperidol vs. control

0.50 (0.36–0.69)

0.0046

0.49 (0.35–0.67)

< 0.0001

Age, year

0.995 (0.985–1.005)

0.3339

.

.

Sex, male

0.49 (0.29–0.82)

0.0064

0.51 (0.30–0.85)

0.0101

Body mass index, kg/m 2

0.99 (0.95–1.02)

0.4442

.

.

ASA class

 

0.6891

.

.

 II vs. I

0.84 (0.56–1.26)

0.8651

.

.

 III vs. I

0.85 (0.10–7.47)

0.9436

.

.

Current smoker

0.88 (0.51–1.54)

0.6573

.

.

Previous PONV

2.95 (1.62–5.37)

0.0004

2.74 (1.48–5.05)

0.0013

Hypertension

0.68 (0.46–1.00)

0.0488

.

.

Diabetes mellitus

0.95 (0.61–1.50)

0.8313

.

.

Major depression

0.65 (0.15–2.87)

0.5704

.

.

Malignancy

0.79 (0.49–1.27)

0.3326

.

.

Preoperative blood test †

  

.

.

 Hemoglobin, g/dL

0.84 (0.43–1.64)

0.6098

.

.

 eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

1.48 (1.00–2.19)

0.0502

.

.

 Alanine aminotransferase, U/L

0.89 (0.70–1.12)

0.3126

.

.

 Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L

1.02 (0.77–1.35)

0.8753

.

.

Surgical site, extremity as reference

 

0.0597

.

.

 Head and neck

0.26 (0.03–2.03)

0.2675

.

.

 Breast

0.44 (0.10–1.96)

0.4636

.

.

 Upper abdomen

0.58 (0.28–1.19)

0.5329

.

.

 Lower abdomen

0.90 (0.61–1.35)

0.3069

.

.

 Thorax

2.09 (0.68–6.45)

0.0393

.

.

 Spine

0.31 (0.12–0.82)

0.0624

.

.

 Other

1.86 (0.54–6.33)

0.0905

.

.

Laparoscopic or robotic surgery

0.83 (0.52–1.34)

0.4528

.

.

Intraoperative blood loss, mL †

1.03 (0.96–1.10)

0.3935

.

.

Type of anesthesia

 

0.4611

.

.

 General vs. neuraxial anesthesia

0.84 (0.61–1.18)

0.3666

.

.

 Combined vs. neuraxial anesthesia

2.20 (0.20–24.59)

0.4775

.

.

Use of volatile anesthetics

0.85 (0.61–1.18)

0.3282

.

.

Anesthesia duration, min †

0.88 (0.71–1.08)

0.2128

.

.

Intraoperative fluid volume, mL †

0.94 (0.77–1.16)

0.5844

.

.

Intraoperative use of dexamethasone

0.85 (0.62–1.17)

0.3249

.

.

Intraoperative use of midazolam

1.19 (0.80–1.78)

0.3962

.

.

Intraoperative use of NSAIDs

1.30 (0.86–1.97)

0.2164

  

Intraoperative opioid consumption, MME †

0.87 (0.71–1.06)

0.1705

.

.

Neuromuscular blockade reversal

 

0.5673

.

.

 Neostigmine vs. nil

0.81 (0.53–1.24)

0.4762

.

.

 Sugammadex vs. nil

0.86 (0.60–1.23)

0.7952

.

.

IV-PCA duration, hour †

1.13 (0.79–1.60)

0.5016

.

.

Postoperative use of NSAIDs

0.46 (0.16–1.29)

0.1374

  

Postoperative opioid consumption, MME †

0.89 (0.79–1.00)

0.0547

.

.

  1. aOR, adjusted odds ratio; ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; CI = confidence interval; cOR = crude odds ratio; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; IV-PCA = intravenous patient-controlled analgesia; MME = morphine milligram equivalent; NSAIDs = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PONV = postoperative nausea and vomiting. † On base-2 logarithmic scale
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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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