The effect of goal-directed hemodynamic therapy on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy: a randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Demographic and baseline medical status

Variables	GDHT (N = 39)	Control (N = 36)	Standardized Mean Difference	P-value
Age (years)	66.4 ± 8.5	69.3 ± 7.5	0.361	0.124
Sex, n (%)			0.195	0.565
Male	27 (69.2)	28 (77.8)
Female	12 (30.8)	8 (22.2)
ASA classification, n (%)			0.176	0.706
1	4 (10.3)	2 (5.3)
2	29 (74.4)	27 (75.0)
3	6 (15.4)	7 (19.4)
Comorbidities, n (%)
Hypertension	22 (56.4)	20 (55.6)	0.017	0.999
Diabetes mellitus	7 (17.9)	10 (27.8)	0.232	0.459
Stroke	3 (7.7)	3 (8.3)	0.023	0.999
Cardiac disease	3 (7.7)	4 (11.1)	0.116	0.911
Chronic kidney disease	5 (12.8)	7 (19.4)	0.178	0.641
COPD	2 (5.1)	5 (13.9)	0.298	0.365
Asthma	1 (2.6)	0 (0.0)	0.226	0.999
History of abdominal surgery within 5 years, n (%)	5 (12.8)	3 (8.3)	0.144	0.799
Preoperative C-reactive protein (mg/dl)^*	0.1 (0.0–0.2)	0.1 (0.1–0.4)	0.401	0.100

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, number (percentage), or median (interquartile range). *This was obtained from 72 patients (37 patients for the GDHT group and 35 patients for the control group, respectively)
GDHT: goal-directed hemodynamic therapy, ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

ISSN: 1471-2253