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Table 2 Baseline Characteristics Before and After Propensity Score Matching

From: Extubation in the operating room results in fewer composite mechanical ventilation-related adverse outcomes in patients after liver transplantation: a retrospective cohort study

Baseline

Original Cohort

P-Value

|Standardized Difference(%)|

Propensity-matched Cohort

P-Value

|Standardized Difference(%)|

OR Extubation

ICU Extubation

OR Extubation

ICU Extubation

n=112

n=326

n=94

n=148

Age (y)

49±10

51±10

0.169

15.1

49±10

51±10

0.260

11.8

Sex

0.029

 

0.680

 

 Male

95 (84.8%)

244 (74.8%)

 

27.7

80 (85.1%)

123 (83.1%)

 

1.5

 Female

17 (15.2%)

82 (25.2%)

 

27.7

14 (14.9%)

25 (16.9%)

 

1.5

BMI (kg/m2)

22.9±2.8

22.7±3.4

0.440

8.9

22.9±2.8

22.8±3.5

0.755

2.5

Smoking

39 (34.8%)

136 (41.7%)

0.199

14.4

36 (38.3%)

56 (37.8%)

0.943

1.1

Drinking

26 (23.2%)

90 (27.6%)

0.363

10.4

24 (25.5%)

30 (20.3%)

0.338

10.0

ASA-classification

<0.001

 

0.051

 

 ASA II

5 (4.5%)

12 (3.7%)

 

53.3

2 (2.1%)

10 (6.8%)

 

1.1

 ASA III

82 (73.2%)

160 (49.1%)

 

54.3

68 (72.3%)

86 (58.1%)

 

0.0

 ASA IV

25 (22.3%)

153 (46.9%)

 

58.8

24 (25.5%)

52 (35.1%)

 

4.0

 ASA V

0

1 (0.2%)

 

/

0

0

/

/

Comorbidity

 Cardiovascular diseasea

0

5 (1.5%)

0.422

/

0

0

/

/

 Respiratory diseaseb

3 (2.7%)

14 (4.3%)

0.631

10.0

3 (3.2%)

4 (2.7%)

>0.999

3.0

 Stroke

0

0

/

/

/

/

/

/

 Renal dysfunction (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2)

3 (2.7%)

23 (7.1%)

0.091

2.7

3 (3.2%)

5 (3.4%)

>0.999

3.3

 Diabetes

10 (8.9%)

34 (10.4%)

0.648

5.2

8 (8.5%)

17 (11.5%)

0.458

5.6

Etiology of end-stage liver disease

0.246

 

0.947

 

 Cirrhosis

78 (69.6%)

206 (63.2%)

 

14.0

63 (67.0%)

97 (65.5%)

 

1.2

 Liver cancer

25 (22.3%)

75 (23.0%)

 

1.6

23 (24.5%)

39 (26.4%)

 

4.0

 Other

9 (8.0%)

45 (13.8%)

 

21.0

8 (8.5%)

12 (8.1%)

 

4.0

MELD score

13 (9 ~ 18)

16 (10 ~ 24)

0.003

35.5

13 (9 ~ 19)

13 (9 ~ 20)

0.713

1.8

Preoperative artificial liver support

5 (4.5%)

31 (9.5%)

0.094

24.3

5 (5.3%)

8 (5.4%)

0.977

0.0

Basic SpO2

100 (98 ~ 100)

99 (98 ~ 100)

0.079

9.4

99 (98 ~ 100)

98 (97 ~ 100)

0.119

1.5

Preoperative laboratory data

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

118±29

110±27

0.015

25.5

118±29

118±27

0.940

0.1

 WBC (× 109/L)

4.0 (2.9 ~ 5.6)

4.4 (3.1 ~ 6.5)

0.212

18.0

3.9 (3.0 ~ 5.6)

4.2 (3.0 ~ 6.1)

0.737

0.9

 Platelet count (× 109/L)

72 (41 ~ 115)

67 (43 ~ 106)

0.598

2.5

73 (43 ~ 120)

66 (43 ~ 104)

0.482

6.7

 PT (s)

14.4 (12.8 ~ 17.2)

15.5 (13.4 ~ 20.3)

0.001

63.5

14.4 (12.8 ~ 17.6)

14.6 (13.0 ~ 17.4)

0.600

3.6

 APTT (s)

34.4 (30.5 ~ 40.3)

37.0 (31.4 ~ 49.5)

0.013

36.4

35.3 (31.0 ~ 41.7)

34.5 (29.4 ~ 43.5)

0.691

4.3

 INR

1.23 (1.10 ~ 1.49)

1.34 (1.16 ~ 1.83)

0.001

56.2

1.23 (1.10 ~ 1.55)

1.28 (1.14 ~ 1.53)

0.497

3.4

 Alanine transaminase (IU/L)

34.5 (24.0 ~ 56.8)

39.0 (25.0 ~ 62.2)

0.124

22.5

34.5 (24.0 ~ 59.0)

39.0 (25.0 ~ 61.8)

0.381

2.6

 Total bilirubin (μmol/L)

33.6 (14.5 ~ 145.8)

60.8 (20.6 ~ 223.4)

0.009

20.6

34.5 (14.3 ~ 155)

33.6 (17.8 ~ 156.2)

0.725

2.9

 Albumin (g/L)

38±6

36±7

<0.001

42.6

38±6

37±7

0.299

10.4

Intraoperative findings

 Duration of surgery (h)

6.4 (6.0 ~ 7.0)

7.0 (6.0 ~ 9.0)

<0.001

61.6

7.0 (6.0 ~ 7.3)

7.0 (6.0 ~ 8.0)

0.629

3.8

 Urine output (mL)

1017 (800 ~ 1500)

900 (500 ~ 1400)

0.026

21.3

1000 (800 ~ 1450)

1000 (600 ~ 1622)

0.643

1.6

 Packed red blood cell transfusion (U)

4 (0 ~ 8)

9 (4 ~ 14)

<0.001

>100

5 (0 ~ 9)

6 (3 ~ 9)

0.155

5.9

 Maximal dose of vasopressorsc (μg/kg/min)

0.08 (0.05 ~ 0.15)

0.10 (0.07 ~ 0.20)

<0.001

45.2

0.10 (0.05 ~ 0.15)

0.10 (0.05 ~ 0.15)

0.298

7.0

 Maximal lactate level (mmol/L)

5.6 (4.4 ~ 8.6)

7.5 (5.0 ~ 11.2)

<0.001

46.6

6.4 (4.4 ~ 9.4)

6.4 (4.3 ~ 9.2)

0.930

1.0

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or a number of patients (percentage) and compared by independent samples t-test, Mann–Whitney U test or χ2 test/Fisher’s exact test, respectively
  2. OR Operating room, ICU Intensive care unit, BMI Body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, MELD Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, SpO2 Oxygen saturation, WBC White blood cell, PT Prothrombin time, APTT Activated partial thromboplastin time, INR International normalized ratio
  3. a Including hypertension, coronary artery disease, congenital heart disease
  4. b Including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion
  5. c Including epinephrine, norepinephrine
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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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